Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Showcasing - Essay Example The principle reason for corporate methodology is to discover approaches to upgrade the present business arrangement of a firm and how this can be changed to meet the stakeholder’s evolving interests (Sudi,2003). An association or a firm will have various business and tasks going from a solitary industry to numerous enterprises. Henceforth, the corporate system can not be created without coordinating the different business methodologies of a firm. In general goals and points of an association are defined dependent on the general capacities and activities of an association. Any corporate technique that is formed without considering the different tasks or organizations will neglect to accomplish the general hierarchical goals and points. Likewise the objectives and goals of an association must not be secluded however should be structured in a way to accomplish the vision of the association, and must be interrelated. The corporate technique is planned for accomplishing this visio n (Gallagher, 2010). Four key measurements Asking the correct inquiry would decide the element of a well â€developed business procedure. ... This key measurement decides the job of an association in the market, the sort and sort of items that they should put out or the kind of administration that is expected to be given to the clients. What? To accomplish a pre-committed target and point, what are the measures that must be attempted must be genuinely engaged for the last objective accomplishment. This must incorporate mediation from all parts of the business and must include the consideration of job of more up to date innovation, rivalry, the impact of globalization, the clients request, the segment patterns and human services segment regarding authoritative staff prosperity. Thus the â€Å"what† answers the key part of the arrangement. Who? Putting the correct individual to the activity is as significant measure in accomplishment of focuses through legitimate direction and position of authority. The authority range ranges from singular thinking like arranging, examination, checking, assessment and control. Further more, these can be accomplished through understanding inside an association. The second element that a business must have is feelings that decide the nature of the individual regarding emergency. Thus the appropriate response must be defined on who might do the particular employment and increase results for the association. How? The execution of the arrangement must be tended to with this piece of the inquiry. All recently arranged objectives must be executed for the accomplishment of target and points set by the association. For this to happen six key supporting highlights should consistently be a piece of execution process, which are progressing activities arranging, association structure, advancement of human asset, the yearly arrangement, observing and control and a general linkage that joins all parts of the usage. An

Ecofeminism: The Feminism of Ecology Essay examples -- Ecofeminism

There are many, various mistreatments all through human culture that are unpredictably woven together and interconnected. A considerable lot of these mistreatments are framed inside a man centric, Christian religious philosophy and include the body: the assortment of Earth, the groups of ladies, the assemblage of creatures. Sallie McFague sets up a model of bodies to help break these associated mistreatments. McFague’s work stresses that the body and its abuses are what associates Christian religious philosophy, woman's rights, and nature. Her model spotlights on the allegorical thought that the body of the earth is the assemblage of God (McFague, 1993). To more readily comprehend this model, we should initially inspect how bodies have been seen and influenced inside the Christian religion structure of our western culture. Christianity has a long custom of concentrating on encapsulation. Its fundamental practices and thoughts of manifestation, Christology, the Resurrection, and the Eucharist, even the analogy of the congregation being the collection of Christ, all include epitome somehow or another (McFague, 1993). However, with these exemplification qualities of Christianity, this religion despite everything degrades nature and women’s bodies. It has set up a man centric structure for western culture of downgrading the body, and ladies. â€Å"Western culture and religion have a long, agonizing history of disparaging the female by recognizing her with the body and with nature, while raising the male by distinguishing him with reason and spirit† (McFague, 1993). This thought strengthens generalizations that persecute lad ies and isolates the body from the brain and soul. Until we accommodate this distinction of the body and psyche, we can't completely adore all bodies; this prompts the powerlessness to cherish the â€Å"body† of the earth (McFague, 1993). Without this adoration, we can't completely acknowledge ... ...hange and Global Warming Introduction. Worldwide Issues. Recovered from http://www.globalissues.org/article/233/environmental change-and-an Earth-wide temperature boost presentation. Joined Nations Population Funds (2009, November 18). Confronting a Changing World: Women, Population, and Climate. Condition of the World’s Population, UNFPA. Recovered from http://www.unfpa.org/webdav/website/worldwide/shared/swp/englishswop09.pdf. Warren, K. J. (1995). The Power and the Promise of Ecological Feminism. In M. H. MacKinnon and M. McIntyre (Eds.), Readings in Ecology and Feminist Theology (172-195). Kansas City: Sheed and Ward. Winerman, L. (2005). The Mind’s Mirror. Screen on Psychology, 36. Recovered from http://www.apa.org/screen/oct05/mirror.aspx. Youthful, H. (2013). Why We Won’t Stop Global Warming. Aljazeera. Recovered from http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/feeling/2013/01/201312094040359963.html.

Murasaki Shikibus The Tale of Genji

Murasaki Shikibus The Tale of Genji Character of Genji (The Tale of Genji) Home›Literary Analysis Posts›Character of Genji (The Tale of Genji) Literary Analysis PostsHikaru Genji is the leading role in Murasaki Shikibus The Tale of Genji. The son of the Emperor and Kiritsubo and the narratives hero, Genji was born in 11th century Japan. Kiritsubo, the Emperors real love, is of inferior position of court. The malign and trivial envy of the other Emperors wives add to the psychological torment, which leads to her untimely demise, at a time when Genji is just three.From the beginning, Genji astounds everyone with his unmatched good looks. In the narrative, he is depicted as the most fine-looking gentleman in the planet and he appeals to every woman. He is outstanding in all ways. He grew up in the court. In spite of his fathers undaunted dedication, in fact owing to it, the youngster is named Genji, which categorizes him as a commoner. The Emperor is aware that devoid of the powerful motherly relatives, Genjis place as a crown prince (or the son chosen to take the reins as the next Emperor) would be uncertain, particularly after his demise. Genji is the second son of Emperor but he is assigned a commoners life on political basis and commences a profession as a royal officer since the Kokiden section will most surely cause him problems.Genji is a conjured up person but it is imagined that the writer was motivated by some past personalities like Minamoto no Toru, a grandson of Emperor Saga thus a member of the Saga Genji clan. Hikaru Genji is seen from the starting volume known as Kiritsubo to the 40th one called Illusion. Genji was awarded the designation Hikaru no Kimi in his formative years. He is also called, in the novel, Rokujo no In at times truncated as In. His name is not at all mentioned throughout the narrative.Maybe we get a clue of what kind of a protagonist he really is when he is illustrated as if he were dedicated to romances to the same time as he conducts himself in a serious wa y. This portrayal is related in fact to two conflicting kinds of fictional characters: the amorous or the artistic versus the serious or the loyal character. Genji embodies both these characters, and as such, he can be described as a new sort of the narratives character.In the narrative as a whole Genji is equally a tragic protagonist, that is, not accepted in the social order, and a comic protagonist, that is, incorporated into the social order. However, in the four `Hahakigi chapters, in addition to predominantly in the `Yâ€"gao chapter, he is a tragic-comical protagonist, in the sense that he is not precisely out of favor in the social order but discovers that he is detached from the social order. Whats more, the storyteller informs us that Genjis parents-in-law are concerned about his having relationships on the side (which later turns out to be a justified concern). The speaker says, If Genjis emotions did not at times run soaring in secret (24) eludes to the preliminary scene of the chapter Ise Monogatari or Tales of Ise. This is the so-named peeping-scene.The technique of using skewed, nonetheless wide-ranging angles is one of the means by which the author makes her central character less guarded and thus more reasonably depicted. He is depicted in circumstances with Koremitsu, Yâ€"gao, and when alone. Owing to all these different images of the Genji form in diverse circumstances and from diverse individuals point of view on him, he is surely more revealed. His traits are depicted, apart from the storytellers remarks and other characters view on him, by ways of conversation, soliloquy, poetry, account of nature (directly and otherwise). He thus can be said to be a round character considering that sense that he is seen from a range of points of view.

Benefits Of Low Salaries For Early Childhood Education

In the ever-growing society, the necessity of early childhood education has increased as research indicated all the beneficiary effects on the child’s developmental learning capacity in their early years. However, low salaries negatively affect many early childhood educators who dedicated time and effort to continue higher education and trainings to ensure the best practices for the children. With the efforts to raise salaries for early childhood teachers, many professionals and educators in the field voiced their opinion about the raises, rights and indication of the respect that has been misplaced. Through advocacy in the community, there has been positive and successful movements that has improved the working conditions and wage for†¦show more content†¦18). As more and more educators become aware of the affects to the teachers as well as the children, the states have been working together to improve and develop early educator competencies that provides adequate ed ucation and pay. Notably, education is an essential tool to ensure children learn in a high-quality environment where the teachers have the credentials of teaching age-appropriate curriculum while enhancing the children learning capacity to the next level. In fact, according to Demma (2010), â€Å"A growing body of child development research, neuroscience, and program evaluation demonstrates that high-quality early childhood care and education programs improve school readiness and later outcomes for young children† (p. 1). As facts layout the importance of early years of education, it is right to claim that early childhood educators should be able to get a higher pay just like the Kindergarten teachers. With successful advocacy in the community, it has brought a portion of light to the field in which states are moving for higher pay for higher education. It is difficult to say that higher education provides better opportunities for higher pay in the field of early childhood education. The reason being, education is used as a merit for a higher chance of getting employed rather than higher pay. The foundation of higher education has crumbled as educators areShow MoreRelatedEarly Childhood Education For Children From Low Income Households Essay1493 Words   |  6 Pages Early Childhood Education Early Childhood Educators work in the subset of education that focuses on the infant through preschool age group. Early Childhood Education creates a significant difference in a child development and learning abilities. There is a variety of avenues one can explore for their child’s pre-education. These specific programs are known by several different names, two of which are preschool and pre-K. Educators can work in many different programs with in churches, public schoolsRead MoreOrganization, Professional Leadership For The Childcare Program Of Your Design Essay947 Words   |  4 PagesECDE 2021 Organization Professional Leadership in Early Childhood Programs Creating a Center (3 parts – 60 total points) We as a class we will work together to discover the true cost of care for the childcare program of your design. You are free to imagine many of the characteristics you would like. Please use information from class as well as your text to help you with this assignment. We will move through this process step by step. PART I – (25 points) Answer the following questions: AllRead MoreThe State Of Georgia Have Quality Early Childhood Education1447 Words   |  6 Pages†¢ Purpose The purpose of this policy is to ensure that all children in the state of Georgia have quality Early Childhood Programs that are accessible, affordable, comprehensive, and sustainable. Crafting strategic and thoughtful policy in the forefront will ensure the academic achievement, social development and future success of the state’s youth. †¢ Scope This policy will aim to address the social, academic and general health needs of all children from birth to the age of 8 years in the state ofRead MoreThe Funding On First Nations Reserves1616 Words   |  7 PagesThe funding on First Nations reserves has not kept up with the needs of a growing population. Teachers salaries and school supplies has been a consequence of the funding shortfall on First Nations reserves. Annual expenditure increases is subject to a two percent cap for First Nations schools (Assembly of First Nations, 2012, para. 11). If teacher’s salaries are being impacted on reserve, many teachers may need to resort to working at a provincial school system where they get paid more. It is importantRead MoreHuman History Literacy Rates Have Continued Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pageshave continued to hike. Children now attend school than at any other point in history. Although nations have made immense progress, many are still far from reaching the universal goals of education. The importance of early education cannot be emphasized enough. As famous scholars had noted in human history, education is the precondition for success and unconstrained prospects. Educated citizens are the foundation for a nation’s sustainable economic and social development (Park 23). According to a studyRead MoreEssay On California State Preschool Program1316 Words   |  6 Pagescounties in the U.S.), the CSPP only manages to achieve six out of the ten outcomes for preschool effectiveness as outlined by the National Institute for Early Education Research (NIEER). In addition, the newly established California Transitional Kindergarten program achieves a mere two out of ten, which ranks it as one of the lowest early education programs in the entire country. The CSPP achieves fewer outcomes than much (on average) poorer states such as Alabama and North Carolina. This may seemRead More Head Start Essay example1667 Words   |  7 PagesHead Start Head Start and Early Head Start are comprehensive child development programs which serve children from birth to age five, pregnant woman and their extended families. They are child-focused programs that have the overall goal of increasing the school readiness of young children in low-income families. . These programs try to prepare young children intellectually, socially, emotionally and physically for their future educational and social endeavors. ( U.S. Department of Health and HumanRead MoreChildhood Education : An Important Part Of The Infrastructure For Economic Development870 Words   |  4 Pagescountry can make (Early Childhood Development, nd.). Having a good foundation can help contribute to the financial and social wealth of their societies. These children have higher employment and earning more, have better health, lower levels of welfare dependency and crime rates than those who do not have these early opportunities. It may help address inequality, help educate childre n so they can break the cycle of poverty giving next generation a better start. Early childhood education helps form theRead MoreRelationship Between Individual Wage And Job Satisfaction Essay1038 Words   |  5 Pageswork environment variables, were: staff higher wages, better adult work environments, lower teaching staff turnover, better educated and trained staff, and teacher-child ratio. Despite having higher levels of formal education than the average American worker, childcare staff earned low wages in 1989. Between 1977-1988, childcare staff wages had decreased over 20%; as well, staff turnover almost tripled from 15% in 1977 to 41% in 1988 (Whitebook, et al., 2014). The most important determinant of staffRead MoreElementary Education With Special Education1462 Words   |  6 Pageshave a deeper understanding of children, their families and developmental appropriate practices (Tougaloo College). Transfer students from a junior college can enroll in the Elementary Education: Bachelor of Arts in Education (B.A.E.) undergraduate program. The B.A.E. in Elementary Education with Special Education endorsement is a minimum of 122 semester hour’s program. During the course, teacher candidates are required to observe and teach in particular classroom settings to learn about effective

Humanistic Theory, Psychodynamic Theory And Cbt - 1373 Words

Here I am going to explain the key characteristics of: Humanistic theory, Psychodynamic theory and CBT. Firstly I am going to talk about what I think the Humanistic theory is, this approach works by providing the client with a better understand of themselves. It helps them to understand their feelings and gives them a chance to explore the option to create personal choices. Humanistic therapy is used for depression, low self-esteem, anxiety, stress, loss etc. It pushes the client to work towards self-awareness and self-realization. Deurzen (2002) says the humanistic approach will always include a through consideration of limitations, realities and consequences. The counsellor shows honesty and openness towards the client making them feel comfortable and even equal. The key characteristics are congruence, genuineness and empathy. The counsellor accepts the client for who they are and is non-judgmental, also using UPR (unconditional positive regard) putting themselves in their clients shoes. Humanistic overall is an approach looking at the client, not only through counselor’s eyes but through the client’s eyes too. The allegation has been made before that the CBT therapy counsellor does not actually have to be aware of the theoretical basis of CBT in order to practice. â€Å"Some may argue that the theory side of CBT may be important for the academic and researcher but hardly for the therapist, who needs to know what works and how to work it. Indeed a hard lineShow MoreRelatedEvaluating the Main Theories of Counselling Essay1695 Words   |  7 Pagesthree main theories of counselling within the module covered this term. The three approaches in discussion are psychodynamics, cognitive behavioural and humanistic. The psychodynamic theory originated from Sigmund Freud, a medical doctor and philosopher (1856 - 1939) founded in the 1900s. Freud developed his ideas whilst working as a psychiatrist in Vienna, collecting information from his patients such as feelings, thoughts and early childhood experiences. The psychodynamic theory focuses onRead MoreEssay about Evaluating the Main Theories of Counseling1932 Words   |  8 Pagesthree main theories of counselling within the module covered this term. The three approaches in discussion are psychodynamics, cognitive behavioural and humanistic. The psychodynamic theory originated from Sigmund Freud, a medical doctor and philosopher (1856 - 1939) founded in the 1900s. Freud developed his ideas whilst working as a psychiatrist in Vienna, collecting information from his patients such as feelings, thoughts and early childhood experiences. The psychodynamic theory focuses onRead MoreDiscuss the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Three Main Theories Covered in This Module.1965 Words   |  8 PagesDiscuss the Strengths and Weaknesses of the Three Main Theories covered in this Module. This essay will attempt to highlight and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of the three main theories of counselling within the module covered this term. The three approaches in discussion are psychodynamics, cognitive behavioural and humanistic. The psychodynamic theory originated from Sigmund Freud, a medical doctor and philosopher (1856 - 1939) founded in the 1900s. Freud developed his ideas whilst workingRead MoreThe Humanistic School Of Counselling936 Words   |  4 PagesThe second school of counselling to be discussed is the Humanistic school. This school of counselling evolved in the USA during the 1950’s (McLeod, 2015) and includes a large number of related approaches such as the Person-Centered approach, Existential and Gestalt. Although different in ways, these approaches share a number of goals and core beliefs, key to the humanistic school. Approaches within the humanistic school share the acknowledgement of the counsellor-client relationship and client autonomyRead MoreStrengths And Weaknesses Of Psychology1411 Words   |  6 Pages(McLeod’s 2007) stated that within ‘contemporary psychology’ there are many different approaches used to understand the study of human behaviour, with eac h approach having a different perspective. There may be many theories within a psychological perspective, but they will all have common assumptions on the way we function. As no approached is viewed as right or wrong, they are often just evaluated for their strengths and weaknesses and what they have brought to modern psychology in the understandingRead MoreContrasting Psycodynamic, Cognitive Behavioral and Person-Centered Counseling Theories1732 Words   |  7 Pages2005). Counseling theories are used by counselors as part of their treatment plan for clients. There are many types of theories that counselors can choose from. These theories are usually hosen based on the client needs and what the counselor feel will be most effective. Counselors are not limited to just one theory when it comes to treating their clients. Theories can be used in conjunction with one another to effectively treat clients. Counseling does not just involve theories alone, it in involvesRead Morecompare an d contrast three core theories of counselling2615 Words   |  11 Pagesï » ¿Compare and Contrast the Three Core Theories of Counselling The British Association for Counselling’s Code of Ethics and Practice for Counsellors states that ‘Counselling may be concerned with developmental issues, addressing and resolving specific problems, making decisions, coping with crisis, developing personal insight and knowledge, working through feelings of inner conflict or improving relationships with others’ (BACP Ethical Framework). Throughout this essay I will illustrate the similaritiesRead MoreThe Theory Of The Therapy982 Words   |  4 Pagesthis is not intended to diminish the effectiveness of other available approaches. The final school of counselling to be discussed is the CBT approach; this approach is one of the most popular forms of talk therapy (Jhugroo, 2015). CBT adopts a directive approach and is both problem focused and action orientated. Similar to the PCT in the Humanistic school, CBT focusses on the here and now, and suggests there are no unconscious meanings behind behaviours; in fact, behaviour is governed by the naturalRead MoreCognitive Behavioral Theory and Psychodynamic Theory Essay1840 Words   |  8 Pagesunpack cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory. This will include the history of each theory and the theorists that discovered and developed both. I am going to link each theory to where they fit in Payne’s Triangle of Social Work as well as compare and contrast each theory. Both Cognitive behavioural theory and psychodynamic theory both support the purposes of social work in which I will cover beneath. This assignment will also include criticisms of both theories as well. CognitiveRead Morecounselling theory essay1690 Words   |  7 PagesSkills Theories Theory Essay Written Introduction In this essay I will describe key elements of Psychodynamic theory, Person-Centred theory and Cognitive-Behavioural theory. I will also identify the key differences between the above theories. I shall also describe how counselling theory underpins the use of counselling skills in practise. I will then end with my conclusion. 1.1 Key elements of psychodynamic theory Dr Sigmud Freud (1856-1939), is the founder of the psychodynamic approach

American Anti Slavery Free Essays

As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was justified by the Bible. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, a well-known abolitionist publication whose authors attacked slavery, tried to discredit the notion that Christianity justified slavery. | 200 words | 50 points. We will write a custom essay sample on American Anti Slavery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists wrote that the Christians did many anti-slavery acts. On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"negro seat† found in churches. On page 21, it states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously criticize† this idea of the â€Å"negro seat† in churches. It also states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat† keeps posted upon its walls a standing criticism on God’s workmanship, a public proclamation of their contempt for it. † The church finds it wrong that many churches have designated seats for negros. â€Å"Why single out certain seats for them and make them sit in them?† On page 37, it states â€Å"According to the Bible, oppression maketh a man mad; but according to the objector, stop oppressing him and yon make him madder! That inflicting wrongs upon a person is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, everyone one knows,: and that the way to soothe his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and fill him with kind feelings towards you. † This explains that the wrong doings to a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters. On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his liberty and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be taken in making him your friends, is to stop doing that which made him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsense direction to all who wish to make others their friends. † As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an economic necessity. They argued that its abolishing would ruin the country’s economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac tried to discredit this notion. Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they discredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the country’s economy. The abolitionists explained that getting rid of slavery would stop the theft that was going on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would help the economy. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that slaveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would steal a lot of this cotton causing loss of money. On page 36, it explains that getting rid of slavery would force the slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, which would open up more jobs and more spending, which all helps the economy. And lastly one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longer have to pay their slaves and could now make and sell more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists stressed that with the abolition of slavery will bring a better economy for both the slaveholders and slaves. How to cite American Anti Slavery, Papers American Anti Slavery Free Essays As we saw In the previous lecture, many Americans In the nineteenth century believed that slavery was justified by the Bible. Explain how The American Anti- Slavery Almanac, a well-known abolitionist publication whose authors attacked slavery, tried to discredit the notion that Christianity Justified slavery. | 200 words I 50 points. We will write a custom essay sample on American Anti Slavery or any similar topic only for you Order Now Throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac, abolitionists wrote that the Christians did many anti-slavery acts. On of the biggest arguments was the â€Å"negro seat† found In churches. On page 21, It states that churches â€Å"publicly deride and blasphemously criticize† this idea of the â€Å"negro seat† in churches. It also states that â€Å"Every church that has a â€Å"negro seat† keeps posted upon its walls a standing criticism on God’s workmanship, a public proclamation of their contempt for It. † The church finds it wrong that many churches have designated seats for negros. â€Å"Why single out certain seats for them and make them sit in them? On page 37, it states â€Å"According to the Bible, oppression maketh a man mad; but according to the objector, top oppressing him and yon make him madder! That inflicting wrongs upon a person is calculated to exasperate him against the inflictor, everyone one knows,: and that the way to soothe his exasperation, make him forget his wrongs, and fill him with kind feelings towards you. † This explain s that the wrong doings to a slave is against the Bible. God looks at everyone as his brothers and sisters. On Page 38, â€Å"Since robbing a man of his liberty and earnings, makes him your enemy, the first step to be aken in making him your friends, is to stop doing that which made him your enemy. The Bible gives this commonsense direction to all who wish to make others their friends. † 2. As we saw in the previous lecture, many Americans in the nineteenth century believed that slavery was an economic necessity. They argued that Its abolishing would ruin the country’s economy. Explain how The American Anti-Slavery Almanac tried to discredit this notion. 200 words | 50 points. Throughout The American Ann-slavery Almanac, abolitionists explained how they iscredited the idea that abolishing slavery would ruin the countrys economy. The abolitionists explained that getting rid of slavery would stop the theft that was going on between slaves and slaveholders and actually increase profit, which would help the economy. On page 44 it is explains that cotton is a major product that sl aveholders have slaves working on. The slaves would steal a lot of this cotton causing loss of money. On page 36, it explains that getting rid of slavery would force he slaves to now work for their own money and benefits, which would open up more lobs and more spending, which all helps the economy. And lastly one other argument that was made throughout The American Anti-Slavery Almanac was that slaveholders would no longer have to pay their slaves and could now make and sell more products. All of these arguments come to one conclusion, which is that the abolitionists stressed tnat wltn tne a 01 t D I Ion 0T slavery wlll orlnga netter economy Tor Dotn tn slaveholders and slaves. How to cite American Anti Slavery, Papers

The Role of Institutional Pharmacy Technicians free essay sample

Medication orders In an institutional pharmacy medication cannot be dispensed without a prescription. Medications will be listed in the patient chart, filled, billed, and then delivered to the patient. The prescription order could be handed directly to the pharmacy, faxed in, sent via the institution computer system, or picked up by the technician from varying sources within the institution. All medication orders must have the patient information including the patients name, room/bed number, hospital id number and date of birth. The medication must also have certain information to be processed such as the name of the medication, dosage, administration, route, a signature from the prescriber, and the date and hour the prescription was written. These orders must be reviewed for completeness by the technicians which still leaves the prescription in an unverified status until the pharmacist can review them as well making them a verified medication order. Institutional and non- institutional Institutional pharmacies fill and verify medication orders while non-institutional pharmacies fill prescriptions that are normally brought in by the patient. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Institutional Pharmacy Technicians or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Institutional pharmacies take care of patients within the facility they practice in such as hospitals and nursing homes. Non-institutional pharmacies will fill prescriptions for patients that are outside of the institutions on a regular basis. Technicians that are employed in an institutional pharmacy work with several distribution systems for specific patients while technicians that are employed in a non-institutional pharmacy mostly repackage medications for many different patients. Institutional technicians deal in sterile and aseptic techniques, cytotoxins and chemo drugs, and a variety of automatic dispensing systems (Johnston, M. (with Frank, C. , Luke, R. ), 2006). Patient issues within an institutional pharmacy Pharmacy technicians in an institutional pharmacy do not have a lot of personal contact with the patients. They mainly deal with patient billing and patient information. Technicians could deal with patient issues through participating on fomulary committees and gathering and evaluating patient statistics. Some patient issues that might arise within this type of pharmacy environment could be an allergic reaction to a medication that is being prescribed through a medication order. Because the pharmacy technician did not follow through with the pharmacist and double check the patient information against the medication name the patient could be prescribed a medication that they are allergic to. These issues are would be unique to an institutional pharmacy because they are the ones who obtain the patient information along with the prescription information that is to be issued by the doctor to the patient within the facility. The doctor in this case prescribed a basic medication that the patient happened to be allergic to instead of the compounded mixture of the medication that is less potent and the patient is not allergic to. This mistake can be avoided within the institutional pharmacy if the technician follows procedure and give the pharmacist the medication order for final verification of the prescribed medication so that he can check it against the patient information and the original orders. Institutional pharmacies offer services that move beyond illing prescriptions. They provide consulting and technology services while working with the patient to automate paperwork, aggregate resident data and actionable data used for improving resident care (Remedi, 2010). The institutional pharmacy market is projected to grow revenues from $13 billion in 2007 to $20 billion by 2012. They provide accurate, efficient and cost-effective pharmaceutical care to residents in the face of rising healthcare costs while providing high-quality resident care (Remedi, 2010). Shelbye Farmer-Vitez References: United States Department of Labor. (2010). Occupational outlook handbook,2010-11 edition. Retrieved from http://www. bls. gov/oco/ocos325. htm. Retrieved 4/21/11. Remedi. (2010). Remedi senior care. Retrieved from http://remedirx. com/newsroom/pharmacyoverview. aspx. Retrieved 4/21/11. Johnston, M. (with Frank, C. , Luke, R. ). (2006). The pharmacy technician series: Fundamentals of pharmacy practice. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. Retrieved 4/21/11.

Elijah Muhammad, the Leader of the Nation of Islam

Elijah Muhammad, the Leader of the Nation of Islam For more than forty years, human rights activist and Muslim minister, Elijah Muhammad stood at the helm of the Nation of Islam- a religious organization that combined the teachings of Islam with a strong emphasis on morality and self-sufficiency for African-Americans. Muhammad, a devout believer in black nationalism once even said, â€Å"The Negro wants to be everything but himself[...] He wants to integrate with the white man, but he cannot integrate with himself or with his own kind. The Negro wants to lose his identity because he does not know his own identity.† Muhammad Rejects the Jim Crow South Muhammad was born Elijah Robert Poole on October 7, 1897 in Sandersville, GA. His father, William, was a sharecropper and his mother, Mariah, was a domestic worker. Muhammad workforce in Cordele, GA with his 13 siblings. By the fourth grade, he had stopped attending school and began working a variety of jobs in sawmills and brickyards. In 1917, Muhammad married Clara Evans. Together, the couple had eight children. By 1923, Muhammad had grown tired of the Jim Crow South saying, â€Å"I seen enough of the white man’s brutality to last me 26,000 years.† Muhammad moved his wife and children to Detroit as part of the great migration and found work in an automobile factory. In Detroit, Muhammad was drawn to the teachings of Marcus Garvey and became a member of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The Nation of Islam In 1931, Muhammad met Wallace D. Fard, a salesman who had begun teaching African-Americans in the Detroit area about Islam. Fard’s teachings connected the principles of Islam with black nationalism- ideas that were attractive to Muhammad. Soon after their meeting, Muhammad converted to Islam and changed his name from Robert Elijah Poole to Elijah Muhammad. In 1934, Fard disappeared and Muhammad assumed leadership of the Nation of Islam.  Muhammad established Final Call to Islam, a news publication that helped build the membership of the religious organization. In addition, Muhammad University of Islam was founded to educate children. The Temple of Islam Following the disappearance of Fard, Muhammad took a group of the Nation of Islam’s followers to Chicago while the organization broke off into other factions of Islam. Once in Chicago, Muhammad founded Temple of Islam No. 2, establishing the town as the headquarters of the Nation of Islam. Muhammad began preaching the philosophy of the Nation of Islam and began attracting African-Americans in urban areas to the religious organization. Soon after making Chicago the national headquarters for the Nation of Islam, Muhammad traveled to Milwaukee where he established Temple No. 3 and Temple No. 4 in Washington D.C. Muhammad’s success was halted when he was imprisoned in 1942 for refusing to respond to a World War II  draft. While imprisoned, Muhammad continued to spread the teachings of the Nation of Islam to inmates. When Muhammad was released in 1946, he continued to lead the Nation of Islam, claiming that he was Allah’s messenger and that Fard was in fact, Allah. By 1955, the Nation of Islam had expanded to include 15 temples and by 1959, there 50 temples in 22 states. Until his death in 1975, Muhammad continued to grow the Nation of Islam from a small religious organization to one that had multiple streams of income and had gained national prominence. Muhammad published two books, Message to the Black Man in 1965 and How to Eat to Live in 1972. The organization’s publication, Muhammad Speaks, was in circulation and at the height of the Nation of Islam’s popularity, the organization boasted a membership of an estimated 250,000.   Muhammad also mentored men such as Malcolm X, Louis Farrakhan and several of his sons, who were also devout members of the Nation of Islam. Muhammad died of congestive heart failure in 1975 in Chicago. Sources Muhammad, Elijah. How to Eat to Live - Book One: From God In Person, Master Fard Muhammad. Paperback, Reprint edition, Secretarius Memps Publications, August 30, 2006. Muhammad, Elijah. Message to the Blackman in America. Paperback, Secretarius Memps Publications, September 5, 2006.

Flyting - Definition and Examples of Flyting in English

Flyting s of Flyting in English A verbal slanging match: a ritualized form of invective in which insults are exchanged. Its as if a verbal space has been cordoned off, says Ruth Wajnryb. Inside this space a sanctioned kind of swearing can take place . . . where taboos are knowingly and legitimately flouted, providing a linguistic and psychological safety valve for a public letting off of steam (Expletive Deleted: A Good Look at Bad Language, 2005). Etymology: from the Old English, argue. Examples and Observations: Although the language is often gross, even grotesque and astonishingly scatological, there is also a certain element of play. . . . [Flyting] is the verbal equivalent of virtuoso sword-play. . . .[In the farce] Gammer Gurtons Needle (acted 1566) . . . we find the new idioms of what the devil, how a murrain [plague], go to, Fie shitten knave and out upon thee, the pox, bawdy bitch, that dirty bastard, the whoreson dolt, for Gods sake, thou shitten knave and that dirty shitten lout. The violent altercations between Grandma Gurton and Dame Chat show the closest affiliations to flyting:Gammer​Thou wert as good as kiss my tail,Thou slut, thou cut, thou rakes, thou jakes,[You whore, you jade, you bawd, you shit-house]will not shame make thee hide thee?ChatThou skald, thou bald, thou rotten, thou glutton,[You scold, you hairless thing, you rubbish, you pig]I will no longer chide theeBut I will teach thee to keep home.​(G. Hughes, Swearing: A Social History of Foul Language, Oa ths and Profanity in English. Blackwell, 1991) The Slanging Match in Henry the Fourth Part One Seventeenth-century playwrights regularly provided their audiences with such contests, knowing that they would be well received. There is the well-known exchange in Shakespeares Henry the Fourth Part One (2:iv) between prince Hal and Falstaff. Hal comments on Falstaffs size and weight, calling him: clay braind guts, though knotty-pated fool, thou whoreson, obscene, greasy tallow catch. He also points out that Falstaff is: a bed-presser, a horse-back-breaker, a huge hill of flesh. Falstaff retaliates by remarking on Hals thinness: you starveling, you eel-skin, you dried neats tongue, you bulls pizzle, you stockfish, you tailors yard, you sheath, you bow case, you bile standing tuck.​(Leslie Dunkling, Dictionary of Epithets and Terms of Address. Routledge, 1990) Playing the Dozens The tradition of ritualized swearing, very much like flyting, continues in a number of places in the modern world. It is perhaps most notable in black American communities, where it is called sounding or signifying or playing the dozens. Variations of this kind of flyting provide social distinctions between in-group and out-group members. But they also act as lyrical cornerstones for much of the anthemic rap (particularly gangsta rap) that defines gang neighbourhoods, including communities of young people from other ethnic backgrounds who admire gang values. . .This style is also called capping and cracking on and is found as well in urban Aboriginal English in Australia.(Ruth Wajnryb, Expletive Deleted: A Good Look at Bad Language. Free Press, 2005)

Principles of Architectural Structures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Principles of Architectural Structures - Essay Example The design also encompasses forces and movements as a result of temperature, cracking, creep, as well as imposed loads (Dabby & Bedi 2012, p.5). The structural design should also make sure that the design is buildable practically within the allowable material’s manufacturing tolerances. The design of the structure should also give room for fitting and functionality of systems such as smoke extraction, air conditioning, lighting among others. Structural design, in general, has a role of making the structure suitable for living in all dimensions. Various components of a structure are used in enhancing the suitability of the structure. This is brought about by the choice of materials to build these components, design as well as other basic processes (Bach 2009, p.9). They are done technically to impact a certain aspect that will help the structure to achieve the required standards as discussed in the document below. The document also addresses the use of reinforced concrete in solving various structural essentials. Reinforced concrete  is basically  a composite material whereby concrete that has relatively low ductility, and tensile strength are counteracted by the reinforcement inclusion with higher ductility and tensile strength. This as an aspect in return makes the reinforced concrete very strong and hence a suitable building material. Reinforced concrete  can be classified among  the types of building materials. The architecture needs to be keen in choosing the construction materials. The choice of building materials should be on the basis of the required properties of the structure. In this scenario, reinforced concrete will be used to solve the problem of the aspects such as thermal and acoustic performance, durability, fire resistance, and load resistivity among others (Emmitt et al. 2004, p.37). In terms of load resistivity reinforced concrete outdo all the other building materials such as wood and steel. This

Freedom of Press Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Freedom of Press - Term Paper Example Indeed, the political rights, which encompass the right to participate freely in the political process, depend on how freely communication and expression through the electronic and printed media is guaranteed. Freedom of the press also makes political leaders and public office holders to be responsible and accountable to the citizens. Furthermore, the civil liberties that allow for freedom of expression and belief, associational and organizational rights, rule of law, and personal autonomy without government control are intrinsically linked to the degree of freedom of the press. Thus, the political stability of any state is strongly dependent on freedom of the press and as a result, freedom of the press is a politically relevant issue. The political rights, which include the right to vote and be voted for, depends on the degree of freedom of the press. The right to vote and be voted for is the distinguishing factor between democratic governments and their undemocratic counterparts. D emocracy involves free, fair and regular contestation for political offices and freedom of the press is an implicit requirement for free and fair elections (Sachs, 2007, 2). For an election to be free and fair, the electorate must communicate and express themselves freely without fear, favor, threats or domination from government and other parties of potential domination. Indeed, freedom of the press ensures free communication and expression that eventually leads to free and fair elections. It is noted that governments that suppress the media are notorious for conducting flaw elections. This was the case with the Iranian government. In fact, the Iranian government aggressively crackdown on the media in the wake of its flaw presidential elections. Furthermore, authoritarian states such as Russia and China notorious for their molestation of journalists in the bid to restricting the flow of information and thereby maintaining the political structure are also excellent examples of state s that conduct flaw elections (Karlekar, 2010, 1). In addition to promoting political rights, freedom of the press ensures that the elected government officials and other public office holders are responsible and accountable to the citizens. This is particularly true in states that have freedom of information legislation, an extension of the freedom of the press. Under this legislation, request can be made of government to make public, information otherwise classified as sensitive or secret. This promotes openness and responsibility on the part of government officials since they will be requested to provide information on how the government is run. Over 85 countries have implemented some form of the freedom of legislation. There is a good-to-excellent correlation between corrupt governments and countries that do not have this form of legislation. For instance, countries such as Sweden, Denmark, and Norway that have some form of the freedom of information legislation (Staples, 2007) have been consistently rated as the world most corrupt-free states. While African and Middle East countries that do not have forms of this legislation have consistently be rated as corrupt states. Thus,

Comparing Frank Baum’s Dorothy Gale of the Oz series and Lewis Carroll’

Comparing Frank Baum’s Dorothy Gale of the Oz series and Lewis Carroll’s Alice of Alice in Wonderland Lewis Carroll’s Alice and Frank Baum’s Dorothy are two of the most well-known and well-loved heroines of all time. At first glance, both Alice and Dorothy appear to be rather accurate renditions of actual little girls who embark on their own adventures in strange and fantastical lands. However, closer scrutiny reveals that only one of these characters is a true portrayal of what a little girl is really like, while the other is but a fulfillment of what most girls would only dream of being like. Like many young girls across the world, both today and in centuries past, it seems that Alice was taught the etiquette that all proper young ladies should follow. Throughout the novel, we see Alice in conflict with certain societal rules – there are several occasions when she is frustrated with what others say and do to her. But only those privy to her innermost thoughts (i.e., the readers) are capable of seeing her true feelings on any matter, for she remains, with the exception of an episode at the end of the text, extremely courteous to all those she meets. One of the passages that clearly describes this general acquiescence is when Alice sees the Duchess after meeting the King and Queen on the croquet-ground: â€Å"Tut, tut, child!† said the Duchess. â€Å"Every thing’s got a moral, if only you can find it.† And she squeezed herself up closer to Alice’s side as she spoke. Alice did not much like her keeping so close to her: first, because the Duchess was very ugly; and secondly, because she was exactly the right height to rest her chin on Alice’s shoulder, and it was an uncomfortably sharp chin. However, she did not like to b... ...relate to a child’s need for escape from the educational system, even if only through a book.) While both Alice and Dorothy are meant to be portraits of typical young girls, I believe that they represent two different facets of a young girl’s nature. Carroll’s Alice undoubtedly portrays the true image of what real young girls are like, possessing some qualities that may not be considered extremely attractive but are nevertheless present in the lives of young women. On the other hand, Baum’s Dorothy is more fantastic, a heroine who encompasses all the qualities that any young girl would like to have but cannot always attain. Together, then, the two characters make up everything that a young girl is — the influences and restrictions that society places on her, the unspoken thoughts that she has when speaking to others, the dreams that she wishes to aspire to.

Psy/310 Perspectives Paper Essay

Each psychological perspective has pioneers who have done the research to not only present the perspective, but to also prove how beneficial it is. John B. Watson is one of the great pioneers who created and popularized the behavioral perspective. He had many followers who believed in what he said, including B.F. Skinner. Although Skinner was truly influenced by Watson, he had his own ideas and theories that he later proved to be extremely persuasive. With the domination of the behavioral perspective, there also came skepticism, including one skeptic by the name of Edward C. Tolman. Tolman later introduced cognitive psychology, which is still a staple in modern day psychology. John B. Watson did not have the most ideal childhood. Perhaps this is why he later went on to become the mouthpiece for the movement that came to be called behaviorism (Goodwin, 2008, p. #338). He was born in 1878, just outside of Greenville, South Carolina. His father was a farmer with severe issues, such as a lcoholism, adultery, and anger. His mother was an extremely religious woman who pushed a future in the faith onto Watson. Although Watson was a bright young man, entering Furman University at the age of 16, he was well known as a troublemaker. Watson went on to earn his master’s degree in 1900 before entering the University of Chicago. His intention was to study philosophy and psychology but later decided to focus on functionalist psychology. Watson had a profound interest in animals and found himself extremely comfortable in studying their behaviors, rather than those of human subjects. Watson’s doctoral dissertation, codirected by Henry Donaldson and James Angell, was a study of the relationship between cortical development and learning in young white rats (Goodwin, 2008, p. #338). White rats were thought to be incapable of â€Å"associative learning† because their brains contained very few myelinated axons. Watson’s studies later proved this to be wrong, in fact, proving that a white rat’s ability to form associations improved in their fourth week of life, as opposed to the first few weeks. Watson later published his results as Animal Education: An Experimental Study of the Psychical Development of the White Rat, Correlated with the Growth of Its Nervous System. This publication earned him his doctorate and the opportunity to remain at the University of Chicago as an instructor. Burrhus Frederick Skinner’s upbringing was a little different than that of John B. Watson. Skinner was born in 1904 in Susquehanna, Pennsylvania. His father was a successful lawyer and his mother was a homemaker, together they were a very image conscious married couple who often worried about what others thought. Skinner was a very intelligent individual and an independent thinker. He questioned anything that was not supported with sound evidence. His high school principle strongly recommend ed him to New York’s Hamilton College, stating that Skinner was â€Å"passionately fond of arguing with his teachers. He is quite a reader and although I do not think he actually supposes himself wiser than his teachers, I have found him [to give] that impression†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (as cited in Goodwin, 2008, p. #383). After his initial unhappiness with Hamilton’s atmosphere, Skinner realized that he had a passion for creative writing. Skinner decided to take a year off after his graduation to just write. He moved back home with his parents and later referred to this time as his â€Å"dark year†. Skinner’s parents were concerned about what people thought of their son moving back home without a job, while Skinner was concerned with the pressure of his parents expecting him to be productive in this year. In this year, Skinner read a number of articles and became intrigued with behaviorism. This intrigue motivated him to pursue graduate studies in psychology at Harvard. As Skinner moved up the ladder, from a graduate student to a university fellow, his attitude toward authority never changed. Not impressed by the work of E.G. Boring, he referred to Boring’s perception course as â€Å"simply painful† and lamented that Boring spent three entire lectures explaining a single visual illusion (Goodwin, 2008, p. #384). Skinner published his first book in 1938, The Behavior of Organisms, which summarized his years of research at Harvard. He later returned to Harvard, in 1948, and remained active until his death in 1990. Edward C. Tolman was born in 1886 in a suburb of Boston, Massachusetts. Tolman came from a very stable and healthy family. His father was a successful business executive, while his mother provided a solid moral foundation for the family. Tolman was extremely intelligent and talented, graduating from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1911 with a degree in electrochemistry. There were two reasons why Tolman decided to stray from a career in the field of electrochemistry. The first reason was the competition that would ensue with his brother, Richard Tolman, who later contributed to the development of the atomic bomb during World War II (Goodwin, 2008, p. #364). The second reason lies in Tolman’s discovery of William James, often referred to as the father of American psychology. Following his graduation from MIT, Tolman enrolled in two summer courses at Harvard. The first was a philosophy course and the second was an introductory course in psychology. Robert Yerkes was the professor for this psychology course. Not only the professor, but also the reason Tolman was sold on psychology and decided to enter graduate school at Harvard. Tolman went on to earn his doctorate degree in 1915 from H arvard. Watson’s publication, Behavior: An Introduction to Comparative Psychology, made Tolman see behaviorism as an attractive alternative to the traditional introspective psychology he was encountering in Hugo Munsterberg’s laboratory (Goodwin, 2008, p. #364). Edward Holt was a major influence on the Tolman’s beliefs. Holt believed that Watsonian behaviorism was too reductionistic and argued that behavior should be defined more broadly as actions that serve some purpose (Goodwin, 2008). Great deals of Holt’s beliefs were adopted by Tolman and later became the core of Tolman’s theory of learning. Later on, Tolman would be launched down the behavioristic slope after being given the opportunity to develop a new course and remembering Yerks’ course and Watson’s textbook. With such different backgrounds growing up, these three men definitely have similarities they share as well. Watson, Skinner, and Tolman each have their own connection to the behaviorist perspective in one way or another. Watson and Skinner each believe that an individual’s behavior can be conditioned in certain ways. For example, Watson was a firm believer in classical conditioning, while Skinner developed operant conditioning. After extensive research on animals, particularly rats, Watson performed an experiment on Little Albert to test his theory or classical conditioning. Aside from the ethical issues of experimenting on an infant, Watson was successful in proving his theory correct. Little Albert was classically conditioned to fear, not only the white furry rat, but anything else that resembled the rat in any way. This fear was elicited by the loud noise that was associated with the presence of the furry rat. Skinner’s beliefs differed in the sense that he believed an individual’s behavior is influenced primarily by the consequence following that particular behavior. For example, if it is a negative effect the behavior is less likely to occur again. If it is a positive consequence that follows that behavior, the chances of the behavior repeating are more likely. This is the premise of operant conditioning. Tolman’s trademark was little different because he introduced the cognitive theory to the world of psychology. Tolman too performed experiments on rats and their ability to run through complex mazes in order to gain a different type of understanding on how their brains register and use the knowledge they obtain. Repetition of the same routines everyday are overlooked. It is only when something is sought after in these routines that an individual or animal is able to recognize what they have previously learned. This is what Tolman believed to be a type of cognitive learning. Although primary behaviorism therapy is not popular today, behaviorism has been incorporated with cognitive therapy to develop cognitive behavioral therapy. Cognitive behavioral therapy is a form of treatment that focuses on examining the relationships between thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (Duckworth, MD & Freedman, MD, 2012, p. #1). This is a very popular type of therapy today, especially with treating schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder, and also different types of anxiety disorders. One of the greatest benefits of cognitive behavioral therapy is the ability to allow the patient to work with the clinician in developing the most useful treatment plan. It is almost like an active intervention where the patie nt is a little more active in the planning of treatment options. This can sometimes require the patient to do different types of homework on their own. Watson, Skinner, and Tolman have definitely opened up the psychology world to so many different perspectives and theories. Although each perspective may have its different flaws or drawbacks, together they contribute what each lacks when standing alone. Without Watsons initial research, Skinner may not have been influenced to theorize such perspectives as operant conditioning. In turn, Tolman may have not had the chance to develop what we now call cognitive behavioral therapy. Each stepping stone has added a little more history to the world of psychology to make it what it is today. These are just three of the men that can be attributed for the extensive time and research responsible for this said history. References Goodwin, C. J. (2008). A history of modern psychology (3rd ed.). Hoboken, NJ: Wiley. Duckworth, MD, K., & Freedman, MD, J.L. (2012, July). Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. National Alliance on Mental Illness, N/A (N/A), 1-2. Retrieved from: http://www.nami.org/Template.cfm?Section=About_Treatments_and_Supports&Template=/ContentManagement/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentID=141590

I Am Studying Depression And Aging Essay - 2140 Words

Throughout life people experience a series of physical and mental modifications that they must face and adapt to. For many, the families they grew up in are very different from the average family of today. The political, social and economic environments of a family 60 years has transformed completely. As people age they often experience changes that adversely affect their health or mental state. Changes people may experience as they age include physical decline, emergence of diseases and disorders, loss of friends and relatives of the same generation. Any of these things can lead to negative feelings which in turn can lead to depression and social isolation, frequent problems in the elderly population. I am studying depression and aging because I want to understand and work toward prevention of depression in elderly people who participate in senior centers. I think it is important to develop a better understanding of how early recognition, diagnosis and treatment can counteract and even prevent emotional and physical consequences of depression. These consequences can complicate existing health problems in the elderly and trigger new concerns in their care. I believe that prevention programs are very important in the management of any social problem. When depression can be prevented, the result can impact the general quality of life of an individual. Based on this topic, one possible research question can be â€Å"Which are the best practices to use in preventing depressionShow MoreRelatedReview Of The Book Spark 1200 Words   |  5 PagesReview of the Book Spark In the book â€Å"Spark† author John J. Ratey, MD describes how exercise can physically help out our brains. Anywhere from doing better on a test, improving grades, combating stress, anxiety, and depression; to helping with addiction, hormonal changes, aging, and mood disorders. 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